论文部分内容阅读
[目的]对土法炼锌场地居民铅暴露情况进行评估。[方法]以贵州省毕节市赫章县妈姑镇水塘村土法炼锌场地为暴露区一,妈姑镇何家冲村为暴露区二;妈姑镇水塘村无土法炼锌区及可乐乡和幺站镇为对照区。从暴露区一、二和对照区采集土壤;从暴露区一、二和幺站镇采集玉米的根、茎、叶、果实,和其他4种农作物以及动物内脏等样本,测定铅含量。从暴露区一、二随机采集血样130份、尿样141份,从幺站镇随机采集血、尿样各108份,测定血铅(BPb)、尿铅(UPb)等指标。[结果]暴露区一和暴露区二土壤含铅量分别为(144572.917±49811.950)mg/kg、(38520.833±28580.715)mg/kg;主要农作物含铅量为玉米0.2731mg/kg、卷心菜0.0089mg/kg、小白菜0.0533mg/kg、白萝卜0.0044mg/kg、土豆0.0336mg/kg;主要可食性动物内脏铅含量为猪肝(6.9667±3.1960)mg/kg、猪肾(17.8333±10.6624)mg/kg、鸡肝(1.0487±0.5465)mg/kg、鸡肾(0.3307±0.2215)mg/kg,均高于对照区(P<0.05或P<0.01)。暴露区居民血、尿铅含量分别为169.446μg/L、26.820μg/gCr,与对照区居民相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]土法炼锌使当地土壤受到铅污染,农作物和动物内脏具有铅富集的特征,暴露区居民的血铅和尿铅均高于对照区。
[Objective] To evaluate the lead exposure of indigenous zinc smelter. [Method] With the Zhazai zinc smelting site in Shuitang Village, Mogu Town, Hezhang County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province as exposed area, Hejiachong Village in Mogu Town was the exposed area II. Coke Township and unitary town as a control area. Soil was collected from the first and second and control areas of the exposed area. The roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and other four kinds of crops as well as animal offal were collected from the exposed areas of No.1 and No.2 in the town to determine the lead content. A total of 130 blood samples and 141 urine samples were randomly collected from the exposed areas, and 108 blood and urine samples were collected randomly from the Yao town. The indexes such as blood lead (BPb) and urinary lead (UPb) were measured. [Result] The results showed that the lead contents in soils of exposed area I and exposed area II were (144572.917 ± 49811.950) mg / kg and (38520.833 ± 28580.715) mg / kg, respectively. The lead contents in the main crops were 0.2731mg / kg for corn and 0.0089mg / kg, cabbage 0.0533mg / kg, white radish 0.0044mg / kg and potatoes 0.0336mg / kg. The contents of visceral lead in main edible animals were pig liver (6.9667 ± 3.1960) mg / kg and pig kidney (17.8333 ± 10.6624) mg / kg, chicken liver (1.0487 ± 0.5465) mg / kg and chicken kidney (0.3307 ± 0.2215) mg / kg respectively, all higher than the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The blood and urinary lead levels in exposed area were 169.446μg / L and 26.820μg / gCr, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the control area (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Sodic zinc was polluted by soil with lead and the enrichment of crops and animal offal. Lead and lead in exposed area were higher than those in control area.