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目的分析淮安市清浦区手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的流行趋势和发病危险因素,为防控HFMD提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,以淮安市清浦区2009年1月1日～2012年12月31日期间报告的HFMD病例为对象,用卡方分析和多因素Logistic回归分析相关危险因素,进行流行特征和趋势分析。结果 2009年1月1日～2012年12月31日期间年均发病率为197.37/10万,城区人口年均发病率为217.19/10万,农村人口年均发病率为174.56/10万,差异有统计学意义(x2=30.682,P<0.001)。男性年均发病率为242.15/10万,女性年均发病率为152.28/10万,性别比为1.6∶1,差异有统计学意义(x2=135.475,P<0.001)。1～3岁组发病率最高,6岁及以上人群发病率较低(P<0.001)。4～6月份最高,1～2月最低(P<0.001)。淮安市清浦区2009-2012年间的手足口发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。非条件Logistic分析显示吸吮手指、有HFMD接触史、主要照顾者文化程度低是HFMD的发病危险因素,饭前洗手则是HFMD的发病保护因素。结论淮安市清浦区2009-2012年手足口病疫情逐年上升,有进一步蔓延的趋势,应全面落实综合性防治措施,才能有效控制HFDM疫情的蔓延。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and risk factors of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Qingpu District, Huai’an City, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods A case-control study was conducted in HFMD cases reported from Qingpu District, Huai’an City from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012. Chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the prevalence of the risk factors And trend analysis. Results The average annual incidence was 197.37 / 100 000 between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2012. The average annual incidence of urban population was 217.19 / 100 000, and the annual average incidence of rural population was 174.56 / 100 000, with a difference of There was statistical significance (x2 = 30.682, P <0.001). The average annual incidence of males was 242.15 / lakh. The average annual incidence rate of females was 152.28 / lakh and the sex ratio was 1.6: 1. The difference was statistically significant (x2 = 135.475, P <0.001). The highest incidence was found in the 1 to 3 years old group, and the incidence was lower in the 6 and older group (P <0.001). April to June the highest, the lowest in January to February (P <0.001). The incidence of hand, foot and mouth in Qingpu District of Huaian from 2009 to 2012 showed an upward trend year by year. Non-conditional logistic analysis showed that sucking fingers, history of exposure to HFMD, low education level of primary caregivers were risk factors of HFMD, and washing hands before meals were the protective factors of HFMD. Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Qingpu District, Huai’an City increased from 2009 to 2012, with a tendency of further spread. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be fully implemented to effectively control the spread of HFDM epidemic.