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目的了解农村寄宿制学校学生营养知识现状,为制定干预措施和政策提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,从全国8省市中抽取农村寄宿制中小学学生共25270人。采用问卷调查方法收集学生掌握的营养知识信息。结果农村寄宿制学校学生对基本营养知识的掌握情况较好,大多数知识点回答的正确率达到80%以上,初中生回答的正确率普遍高于小学生,有关粗粮的营养知识回答正确率较低(68.5%)。维生素A、维生素D、膳食钙和铁等相关知识回答正确率较低,女生掌握情况明显好于男生,钙相关营养知识回答正确率高于其他营养素。结论需继续加强营养相关知识的宣传教育力度,从小学生抓起。有关粗粮、维生素A、维生素C、膳食铁相关营养知识应成为日后农村学生宣传教育的重点。
Objective To understand the status quo of nutrition knowledge in rural boarding schools and provide theoretical basis for formulating interventions and policies. Methods A multistage cluster sampling method was used to extract 25270 primary and secondary school students from rural boarding schools from 8 provinces and cities nationwide. A questionnaire survey was used to collect information on nutritional knowledge that students have mastered. Results The students in boarding schools in rural areas had a good grasp of basic nutrition knowledge, the correct rates of most of the knowledge points were above 80%, the correct answers of junior high school students were generally higher than that of primary school students, and the correct answers of nutrition knowledge about coarse grains were lower (68.5%). Vitamin A, vitamin D, dietary calcium and iron and other related knowledge to answer the correct rate is lower, girls mastery was significantly better than boys, calcium-related nutritional knowledge to answer the correct rate is higher than other nutrients. Conclusion It is necessary to continue to step up publicity and education on nutrition-related knowledge and start with primary school students. The relevant coarse grains, vitamin A, vitamin C, dietary iron-related nutritional knowledge should become the focus of rural students in the future publicity and education.