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油茶炭疽病发生、发展体现了寄主、病菌和环境的辩证的对立统一规律。病菌和寄主间的对立统一,是内因;环境条件是外因。物候期是外因通过油茶表现出生长发育的年变程,从而引起病菌生长发育的深刻变化,促进病害的循环季节性进展。油茶物候期分为抽梢发叶期(2—5月),芽发育期(5—9月),开花期(10—12月),果实生长期(1—10月)和假休眠期(12—2月)五个期,以及十三个亚期,二十六个阶段。它的特点是同时经历着营养器官和生殖器官生长发育过程,而生殖器官又平行进行果实,芽蕾两部份。由此,延长和加深着油茶和病害的时间性和复杂性。以果病为中心,各器官发病伴随每一物候而转移,其先后顺序为叶芽—叶—枝—果—花芽。病害和物候期相关性的研究结果表明,两者是一致的。它提供了:每一物候的来临,作为病害发生的短期预测预报(时期)。发病起始温度为13.4℃(叶芽),16.0—19.7℃(枝叶),19.2℃(果)和23.8℃(花芽)。在年周期中,物候期有生长和休眠阶段,病害也存在着发生和休止时期。因而,防治关系是后者为防期,前者为治期。
Camellia anthracnose occurs, the development reflects the host, bacteria and the dialectical environment of the unity of opposites. The unity of opposites between germs and hosts is internal; environmental conditions are exogenous. Phenology is the external cause of oil and tea through the growth and development of the annual variation, resulting in profound changes in the growth and development of germs, and promote seasonal disease cycle. The phenophases of Camellia oleifera can be divided into two phases: leaf shoots (2-5 months), buds (5-9 months), anthesis (October-December), fruit growing periods (1-10 months) and fake dormancy periods 12 - February) five periods, as well as thirteen sub-periods, twenty-six stages. It is characterized by both vegetative organs and reproductive organs growth and development process, while the reproductive organs and parallel fruit, bud bud in two parts. Thus, to extend and deepen the time and complexity of tea and diseases. Fruit disease as the center, the incidence of various organs with each object and the transfer, the order of leaf buds - leaves - branches - fruit - flower buds. The findings of the correlation between disease and phenophase suggest that the two are consistent. It provides: The arrival of each phenology, as a short-term forecast of disease occurrence (period). Incipient onset temperature was 13.4 ℃ (leaf bud), 16.0-19.7 ℃ (foliage), 19.2 ℃ (fruit) and 23.8 ℃ (flower bud). In the annual cycle, there are stages of phenophase growth and dormancy, diseases also occur and the rest period. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of the relationship between the latter is anti-period, the former is the rule.