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一、美国1996年的电信法规 1996年2月8日美国国会以压倒多数通过了电信法,对1934年建立的已有62年历史的通信法进行了彻底修改。62年前的这一法律建立了联邦通信委员会(FCC),把美国的电信工业推向全面的竞争。新的法律使得电信业务及其供应商的许可或禁止不再是象过去那样依照法律,而是遵循参与者之间谈判所制定的合同。这一主要变化产生的革命性影响也许要在几年后才能显现出来。美国1996年电信法重新改写了游戏规则,因此必须大量抛弃已统治信息产业发展几十年的传统观念。新的法规里,长途电话运营商第一次被允许提供本地电话业务。一直是法定垄断者的本地运营商也可以自由地提供长途业务。有线电视公司被允许提供电信和信息业务;电话公司也可以将娱乐和信息业务引入家庭。最终,媒体经营公司在任何一种业务领域中具有更大的自由来获得并保有其财富。
I. US 1996 Telecommunications Regulations February 8, 1996 The U.S. Congress passed the Telecommunications Law by an overwhelming majority and made a drastic revision of the 62-year-old communications law that was established in 1934. This law 62 years ago established the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to push the U.S. telecoms industry into full competition. The new law allows the licensing or prohibition of telecommunication services and their suppliers not to follow the law as they used to be, but to follow the contracts that were negotiated between the parties. The revolutionary impact of this major change may take years to emerge. The United States Telecommunications Law in 1996 re-written the rules of the game, so we must abandon a large number of dominated information industry development decades of traditional concepts. For the first time, long distance carrier operators are allowed to provide local telephone services. Local operators, who have always been the legal monopolists, are also free to provide long-haul services. Cable companies are allowed to provide telecommunications and information services; telephone companies can also introduce entertainment and information services to their homes. In the end, media companies have greater freedom to acquire and retain their wealth in any type of business.