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一、前言 目前,使用的火箭、导弹固体发动机壳体材料,总括起来有两大类。一类是金属材料,主要有低合金超高强度钢、钢合金、钛合金及铝合金。另一类是复合材料,如玻璃钢,塑料〔克夫拉(Kevlar)——芳香族聚酰胺纤维塑料〕及纸质酚醛树脂合成材料。 金属材料中合金钢和钛合金在五十年代已大量使用。钛合金的比强度超过了所有的金属材料,故是制造固体发动机壳体的理想材料之一。该材料在固溶状态时塑性良好,便于加工,但缺点可焊性较差。因此,多数仍然采用超高强度钢。
I. Preface At present, the materials used in the rocket and missile solid engine casing are summed up in two broad categories. One is the metal material, mainly low alloy high strength steel, steel alloy, titanium alloy and aluminum alloy. The other is composite materials such as fiberglass, plastic (Kevlar-aramid fiber plastic) and paper phenolic resin composites. Alloy steel and titanium alloys have been used extensively in the 1950s. Titanium alloy than all the more than the strength of metal, it is one of the ideal material for the manufacture of solid engine shell. The material in solid solution state plastic good, easy to process, but the disadvantage of poor solderability. Therefore, most still use ultra-high strength steel.