本文所探讨的是现代意义上的农业技术变迁,它是在有利于解除农业两大初始资源瓶颈约束与经济利益诱导之下逐渐形成的。在上述两个因素的限定下,西方国家农业技术进步最终形成两条成熟的路线:一条是机械技术进步路线,另一条是生物化学技术进步路线。目前我国农业技术变迁也主要依据这两个方向发展。但我国国情与西方有较大差异,在借鉴西方成熟的现代农业技术变迁时,内在冲突的产生是不可避免的。首先,农业技术变迁与具体农业技术不同,它更多地受到资源禀赋、制度安排、经济结 What this article explores is the change of agricultural technology in the modern sense. It is gradually formed under the constraint of the bottleneck and the economic benefits of the two primary sources of agricultural relief. Under the two factors mentioned above, agricultural technology progress in western countries finally formed two mature routes: one is the progress route of mechanical technology and the other is the progress route of biochemical technology. At present, China’s agricultural technology changes are mainly based on these two directions. However, the situation in our country is quite different from that in the West. When drawing lessons from the mature modern agricultural technology in the West, the emergence of internal conflicts is inevitable. First of all, the change of agricultural technology is different from that of specific agricultural technologies, and it is more influenced by resource endowments, institutional arrangements, economic ties