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在我国市场经济发展中,国有企业占据了主体地位,但是,在国有企业中长期以来受计划经济的影响,公司治理结构仍存在一些问题。这些问题严重影响着国有企业的全面发展和进一步成长。党十八届三中全会进一步对混合所有制经济的地位进行了明确,更进一步强调了混合所有制经济的重要作用。这一决议为促进并支持我国混合所有制经济的长足发展奠定了基础,并将混合所有制经济作为我国基本经济制度的重要实现形式,同时更开启了我国国有企业改革与实践的新方向。在国有企业中实行混合所有制经济实现了以各种所有制资本之间的优势互补,实现了各种所有制的共同发展,更为国有经济和私营经济的双赢创造了条件。目前在国有企业混合所有制改革中,主要是通过引入真实自然人股东、实现股权的多元化、完善法人治理结构、完善法人等来实现的。可见,国有企业进行混合所有制的改革是我国经济制度改革的重要内涵,更是促进我国国有企业改革进一步深化的重要标志。本文将就我国国有企业混合所有制改革中的相关问题进行思考,并提出有价值的建议,以期为促进我国国有企业新一轮改革的顺利实施奠定基础。
In our country’s market economy, state-owned enterprises occupy the dominant position. However, under the influence of planned economy in state-owned enterprises for a long time, there are still some problems in the corporate governance structure. These problems have seriously affected the overall development and further growth of state-owned enterprises. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee further clarified the status of the mixed ownership economy and further emphasized the important role of the mixed ownership economy. This resolution laid the foundation for the promotion and support of the rapid development of the mixed ownership economy in our country. It also took the mixed ownership economy as an important form of realization of our basic economic system and at the same time opened up a new direction for the reform and practice of our state-owned enterprises. In the state-owned enterprises, the implementation of the mixed ownership economy has brought about the complementarity of advantages among various ownership capitals, realized the common development of all kinds of ownership, and created conditions for a win-win situation between the state-owned economy and the private economy. At present, in the reform of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises, it is mainly realized through the introduction of shareholders of real natural persons, the diversification of shareholdings, the improvement of the corporate governance structure and the improvement of legal persons. Obviously, the reform of the mixed ownership by state-owned enterprises is an important part of the reform of the economic system in our country. It is also an important indicator of further deepening the reform of our state-owned enterprises. This article will consider the relevant issues in the reform of the mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises in our country and put forward valuable suggestions to lay the foundation for the smooth implementation of the new round of state-owned enterprises reform in our country.