一、背景及意义汇率和物价是经济生活中备受关注的两个经济变量。通常,汇率变动对进出口价格及国内物价水平的影响定义为汇率的价格传递。近年来,汇率价格传递效应不仅成为经济学界研究的一个热点问题,也成为国际经济交往中的焦点话题。尤其是本轮国际金融危机以来,在美国经济增长放缓、失业率高企和国内政治压力增大之际,人民币汇率再次被推到风口浪尖。2011年10月11日,美国会参议院程序性通过了《2011年货币汇率监督改革法案》立项预案,希望通过人民币升值对美国汇率来调整两国间的贸易失衡。同时,温家宝总理也多 I. Background and Significance Exchange rates and prices are two economic variables of great concern in economic life. Generally, the effect of exchange rate changes on import and export prices and the domestic price level is defined as the price transfer of the exchange rate. In recent years, the effect of exchange rate price transfer has not only become a hot issue in the field of economics, but has also become a hot topic in international economic exchanges. Especially since the current round of the international financial crisis, the RMB exchange rate has once again been pushed to the cusp of as the U.S. economy slows down, its unemployment rate rises and domestic political pressure increases. On October 11, 2011, the U.S. Senate passed the preplan of the “2011 Currency Exchange Rate Supervision Reform Act” programually, hoping to adjust the trade imbalance between the two countries through the appreciation of the renminbi against the U.S. exchange rate. At the same time, Premier Wen Jiabao is also large