涡轮增压器常见故障的主要原因有:机油不足或供油滞后;外部杂物或泥沙进入润滑系统;机油氧化或变质;外部异物进入柴油机进气或排气系统。因此,必须注意以下几点:(1)冷启动后应怠速运转涡轮增压柴油机冷启动后,应怠速运转3～5min(取决于该机温度和大气温度),使润滑油路达到正常的温度和工作压力,机油到达柴油机最上端的增压器轴承,并得到充分润滑后,方可提高柴油机的转速 Turbocharger common faults are mainly due to: lack of oil or fuel supply lag; external debris or sediment into the lubrication system; oil oxidation or deterioration; external foreign matter into the diesel engine intake or exhaust system. Therefore, we must pay attention to the following points: (1) The cold start should be idling Turbocharged diesel engine should be idle after 3 ~ 5min (depending on the aircraft temperature and atmospheric temperature), so that the oil reaches normal temperature And work pressure, the oil reaches the top of the diesel engine supercharger bearings, and be fully lubricated before they can increase the speed of the diesel engine