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目的分析重离子辐射育种的玉米油中棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、维生素E(VE)和β-胡萝卜素5种营养物质的含量变化。方法重离子辐照育种的玉米粒粉碎后利用CO2-SFE萃取技术进行玉米油的提取分离,然后利用GC色谱和HPLC色谱分别对棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸及VE和β-胡萝卜素进行含量的检测分析。结果重离子辐照处理对玉米油中5种营养物质含量的积累具有正、负双重效应,对于多数辐照品种营养物质的含量基本呈现增加趋势,增加的范围分别为4.35%～18.39%、5.21%～28.73%、3.545%～12.18%、0.5587%～28.02%和7.621%～19.46%;但对于某些辐照品种,营养物质的积累也会表现为下降,比如,CSR24001的油酸含量相对于对照降低了7.21%,金象4C-1的VE含量相对于对照降低了14.52%;除CSR24001外,辐照后3种脂肪酸总量均有不同程度增加,其中,棕榈酸所占比例因品种差异而不同、油酸除CSR24001外均有所增加、亚油酸则均表现为下降。结论通过重离子辐照进行玉米诱变育种,可有效提高玉米油中营养物质含量,改变营养物质的比例,进而改进玉米籽粒的品质。
Objective To analyze the content changes of five nutritive substances of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene in corn oil harvested by heavy ion radiation. Methods Corn kernels were ground by heavy ion irradiation. Corn oil was separated and extracted by CO2-SFE extraction. Then the contents of palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, VE and β-carotene were determined by GC and HPLC respectively Detection and analysis of content. Results Heavy ion irradiation had positive and negative double effects on the accumulation of five nutrients in corn oil, and the contents of nutrients in most irradiated varieties tended to increase, ranging from 4.35% to 18.39% and 5.21 % To 28.73%, 3.545% to 12.18%, 0.5587% to 28.02% and 7.621% to 19.46%, respectively. However, for some irradiated species, the accumulation of nutrients would also show a decline. For example, the oleic acid content of CSR24001 The control decreased by 7.21%, the VE content of Golden Elephant 4C-1 decreased by 14.52% compared with the control. Except CSR24001, the total amount of the three kinds of fatty acids increased after irradiation, of which the proportion of palmitic acid In contrast, oleic acid increased except for CSR24001, while linoleic acid showed a decrease. Conclusion Mutation breeding of corn by heavy ion irradiation can effectively improve the content of nutrients in corn oil, change the proportion of nutrients, and then improve the quality of corn kernels.