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中国近代的露天矿出现于二十世纪初。从1958年研究新型穿孔设备,到七十年代才开始更新露天矿的穿孔设备。现在,大型露天矿山主要使用牙轮钻机,中小型露天矿山主要使用潜孔钻机。钢绳冲击钻机正在被淘汰。1956年以后,露天矿爆破技术得到迅速改进。最近几年来,在微差爆破、新型炸药和硐室大爆破技术等方面,已经接近了国外先进水平。露天矿的装载设备以4米~3电铲为主。先进电铲的生产能力已经超过100(万吨/米~3·年)。近几年来,业已制成10～15米~3铲斗的大电铲,斗轮挖掘机和5米~3前端式装载机。在露天矿里,铁路运输应用较多,并积累了丰富的经验。汽车运输也得到广泛应用,并且愈来愈多地使用国产自卸汽车。溜井运输和胶带运输机运输受到极大重视。在露天矿设计理论、提高露天矿综合生产能力的措施、计算机在露天矿应用、矿山系统工程、边坡稳定等方面,也做了很多工作,取得了有意义的进展。
China’s modern open-pit mine appeared in the early twentieth century. From 1958 research new perforation equipment, until the seventies began to update the perforation of open pit equipment. At present, the major open-pit mines use mainly cone-roller rigs while the small and medium-sized open-pit mines mainly use the down-hole rigs. Steel rope impact drilling rig is being eliminated. After 1956, the opencasting blasting technology was rapidly improved. In recent years, it has approached the advanced international level in such fields as blasting at a slight difference, new explosives and blasting technology in the chamber. Open-pit mining equipment to 4 m ~ 3 electric shovel-based. The production capacity of advanced shovel has exceeded 100 (10,000 tons / m ~ 3 years). In recent years, has been made of 10 ~ 15 m ~ 3 bucket power shovel, bucket wheel excavator and 5 m ~ 3 front-end loaders. In open-cast mines, rail transport is used more and has accumulated rich experience. Motor transport is also widely used and more and more domestic dump trucks are used. Chute transport and belt conveyor transport have received great attention. In the theory of surface mine design and the measures to improve the comprehensive productivity of open-pit mines, the computer has also done a lot of work in surface mine applications, mine system engineering and slope stability, and made significant progress.