单纯性肾囊肿并急性感染临床少见,但却是一严重的泌尿科疾病。尽管给予适应的抗菌素治疗,但患者对抗菌素的治疗反应极差,最终常必需外科引流或肾切除。为试图说明这些患者在临床上对药物治疗反应差的原因,作者对4例于排泄性造影中偶然发现的单纯性肾囊肿患者测定了其血清,尿及囊液内3种常用抗菌药物的浓度。患者3男1女,平均59岁,例1～3给以庆大霉素,例4给以SMZ(新诺明)和TMP(磺胺增效剂),均以常规剂量给予。36～48小时后或最后一次给抗菌药2小时后,收集血清,尿液及囊液标本。分别测定抗菌药物的浓度。结果在给予庆大霉素的3例 Simple renal cysts and acute infections are rare in clinical practice, but they are a serious urological disorder. Despite adaptive antibiotic therapy, patients respond poorly to antibiotic therapy and eventually often require surgical drainage or nephrectomy. In an attempt to elucidate the reasons for the poor clinical response of these patients to medical therapy, the authors measured the concentrations of three commonly used antibiotics in serum, urine and cystic fluid in 4 patients with simple renal cysts found incidentally in excretion radiography . Patients were 3 males and 1 females, mean age 59 years. Gentamycin was given in cases 1 to 3, and SMZ (sulfamethoxazole) and TMP (sulfonamide synergist) in case 4 were given in conventional doses. After 36 to 48 hours or two hours after the last antibacterial treatment, serum, urine and cyst fluid samples were collected. Respectively determine the concentration of antibacterial drugs. Results in gentamicin given in 3 cases