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应用相互性思维来考量权利配置下的冲突问题发端于科斯。其强调权利在不同主体之间以及不同决策下进行配置时,要考虑对相对方或对其他决策产生的影响。这是一种以比较不同权利配置后果为核心的法律经济学分析方法,以整体的效果为检验标准,通过对不同的可行配置方案进行衡量而选取能实现目标的最佳决策或配置模式。在立法和司法领域处理权利配置难题时,传统法律思维不能达致社会福利最优的情况下,需要应用相互性思维来达成一种改良的目标。
Application of mutual thinking to consider the issue of conflict of rights configuration originated in Coase. It emphasizes the impact of rights on opposing parties or on other decisions when allocating rights between different actors and under different decisions. This is a kind of legal economics analysis method taking the different rights allocation as the core. Taking the overall effect as the test standard, the best decision or configuration mode that can achieve the goal can be selected by measuring the different feasible allocation schemes. In the legislative and judicial areas dealing with the issue of rights allocation, the traditional legal thinking can not achieve the optimal social welfare situations, the need to apply mutual thinking to achieve an improved goal.