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目的了解朝阳区HIV感染者/艾滋病患者艾滋病相关知识知晓和高危行为状况,为HIV感染者/艾滋病患者的管理和行为干预工作提供依据。方法对朝阳区居住的63名HIV感染者/艾滋病患者进行问卷调查。结果 HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对“蚊虫叮咬不会传播艾滋病”、“与艾滋病病人吃饭不会感染艾滋病”、“正确使用安全套可以减少艾滋病的传播”的知晓率高于社区居民(P<0.05),总的艾滋病相关知识知晓率(96.8%)也比一般社区居民(85.0%)高(P<0.05);在8个问题中,HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对“只与一个性伴发生性行为可以减少艾滋病的传播”的知晓率最低,仅为87.3%;在得知感染艾滋病后性生活频率有所降低,进行性行为时安全套的使用率有所提高,差异均有统计学意义。结论朝阳区HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对艾滋病相关知识知晓率明显高于社区居民,但对个别问题的知晓率偏低。在得知自己感染HIV后,部分病人的高危行为有所改变,但仍存在认识和行为相背离的情况。因此需要加强对HIV感染者和艾滋病患者的宣传教育和行为干预,促进其行为的彻底改变,减少二代传播。
Objective To understand the HIV / AIDS-related knowledge and high-risk behaviors of HIV / AIDS patients in Chaoyang District and provide the basis for the management and behavior intervention of HIV / AIDS patients. Methods A total of 63 HIV / AIDS patients living in Chaoyang District were surveyed. Results HIV / AIDS patients were more aware of HIV / AIDS than mosquito bites and HIV / AIDS patients, and correct use of condoms could reduce the spread of HIV / AIDS. (P <0.05). The awareness rate of total HIV / AIDS related knowledge (96.8%) was also higher than that of general community residents (85.0%) (P <0.05). Among the 8 questions, HIV / Sexual activity with one partner can reduce the spread of AIDS, "the lowest awareness rate was only 87.3%; after knowing that the frequency of sexual infection was reduced, the use rate of condoms increased during sexual activity, the difference was All have statistical significance. Conclusion The awareness rate of HIV / AIDS related knowledge among HIV / AIDS patients in Chaoyang District is significantly higher than that of community residents, but the awareness rate of individual HIV / AIDS is low. After knowing that they have contracted HIV, the high-risk behaviors of some patients have changed, but there is still a gap between awareness and behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to step up publicity, education and behavior interventions for people living with HIV / AIDS and to promote radical changes in their behavior and reduce the spread of the second generation.