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本文涉猎的比较经济体制学是一门与社会主义国家经济体制改革关系极为密切的崭新学科。它把经济体制置于分析的中心,并且把它看作是不断发展变化着的事物来加以纵向与横向地进行比较和评价,从而达到对经济体制进行择优的目标。评价经济体制的优劣,主要是考察经济体制的参与者(政府、企业、个人)的行为对经济效果的影响。政府的行为主要表现为经济政策,经济效果是经济体制、经济政策与环境因素的函数。任何一种经济体制的内在结构都是信息、决策、动力与协调机制的统一。它的形成和运行都与其所处的环境因素有着犬牙交错的关系。所谓经济改革,就是要研究经济体制内在结构的合理化以及如何改善其运行的环境因素。作者研究了与这一领域有关的一些重要著述,评述了这一学科的过去、现在和未来。
The comparative study of economic system covered in this essay is a brand new subject closely related to the economic system reform in the socialist countries. It places the economic system at the center of analysis and treats it as a continuously evolving matter that is compared and evaluated both vertically and horizontally, so as to achieve the goal of meriting the economic system. Evaluation of the merits of the economic system, mainly to examine the economic system of the participants (government, business, personal) behavior on the economic effects. The behavior of the government is mainly manifested as economic policy, and the economic effect is a function of economic system, economic policy and environmental factors. The internal structure of any economic system is the unification of information, decision-making, motivation and coordination mechanisms. Its formation and operation are interwoven with the environmental factors in which it is located. The so-called economic reform is to study the rationalization of the internal structure of the economic system and how to improve its operational environmental factors. The author studies some important works related to this field and reviews the past, present and future of this discipline.