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目的：了解乙型肝炎患者血清中乙肝病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＢＶＤＮＡ）的检出情况，探讨其与乙肝病毒标志物的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测２５６例乙型肝炎患者血清中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，同时用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测乙肝病毒五项标志物，即ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗ＨＢｓ、抗ＨＢｃ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗ＨＢｅ。结果：ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的检出率在肝炎患者各临床类型之间无明显差异，而在乙肝病毒五项标志物不同组合存在状态之间有差异，以伴有ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）的组合形式即ＨＢｓＡｇ（＋），抗ＨＢｃ（＋），ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）者、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ检出率最高（９４３４％），乙肝病毒五项标志物中出现抗体及其五项全阴者仍有ＨＢＶＤＮＡ检出。结论：ＨＢｅＡｇ确是ＨＢＶ活动性复制的重要标志，但仅靠乙肝病毒五项标志物的检测来判定ＨＢＶ的复制是不够准确的，同时用ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＢＶＤＮＡ能更准确反映体内ＨＢＶ复制情况。
Objective: To understand the detection of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBVDNA) in patients with hepatitis B and to explore its relationship with hepatitis B virus markers. Methods: HBVDNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 256 cases of hepatitis B patients and five markers of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBeAg . Results: The detection rate of HBVDNA was not significantly different between the clinical types of hepatitis patients, but there was a difference between the different combinations of the five markers of hepatitis B virus and the combination of HBeAg (+), namely HBsAg (+ ), Anti-HBc (+) and HBeAg (+), the detection rate of HBVDNA was the highest (9434%). There were still HBVDNA detected in five markers of hepatitis B virus and its five all-yin samples. Conclusion: HBeAg is indeed an important marker of HBV activity replication. However, it is not accurate enough to detect the replication of HBV only by the detection of five markers of HBV. Meanwhile, the detection of HBVDNA by PCR can reflect HBV replication in vivo more accurately.