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大肠癌的发生是一多步骤、多阶段的复杂过程。主要由癌基因的激活、抑癌基因的失活、DNA修复基因功能缺失和机体免疫功能低下等引起。大肠癌是严重威胁人类生命健康常见的恶性肿瘤之一。传统的治疗方法以手术、化疗、放疗为主,但未能提高大肠癌的5年生存率。近20年来,随着大肠癌发生分子机制研究的深入,人们有可能从基因水平对其进行治疗。本文仅就大肠癌的基因治疗现状、进展和存在的问题和未来前景作一综述。
The occurrence of colorectal cancer is a multi-step, multi-stage complex process. Mainly by the activation of oncogenes, tumor suppressor gene inactivation, loss of function of DNA repair genes and immune dysfunction caused. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors that threaten human life and health. The traditional treatment methods to surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, but failed to improve the 5-year survival rate of colorectal cancer. In the recent 20 years, with the development of the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer, it is possible to treat it from the gene level. This article reviews the status, progress, existing problems and future prospects of gene therapy for colorectal cancer.