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儿童和青少年2型糖尿病(T2DM)近年显著增多,在某些种族(包括中国汉族)其发病率已高于T1DM。儿童和青少年T2DM需与T1DM和单基因DM鉴别,家族史、临床表现(有否酮症、肥胖等)、B细胞功能和自身抗体测定是主要的鉴别依据。饮食和运动治疗是儿童和青少年T2DM的基础治疗,必要时可给予药物治疗。二甲双胍可用于10岁以上儿童。二甲双胍不能达标或不能耐受者可给予胰岛素治疗。
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased significantly in recent years, and in some ethnic groups, including Han Chinese, the incidence has been higher than T1DM. T2DM in children and adolescents need to be differentiated from T1DM and monogenic DM, and family history, clinical manifestations (ketosis, obesity, etc.), B-cell function and autoantibodies are the main criteria for discrimination. Diet and exercise therapy is the basic treatment of T2DM in children and adolescents, if necessary, can be given medication. Metformin can be used for children over the age of 10. Metformin can not meet or can not tolerate insulin therapy can be given.