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物理实验教学是物理教学的重要组成部分。长期以来,物理实验教学存在着两个严重的不良倾向,一是教师中心主义倾向,表现在演示实验上,基本是教师做,学生看。二是学科本位倾向,表现在分组实验上,学生根据“菜单”画葫芦式地进行验证实验。新课程理念强调知识的构建过程,注重在物理实验中培养学生科学探究的能力,如何对物理实验教学进行改革,有效地培养学生的探索精神和科学素养,以实现教学效果的最优化,是摆在广大物理教师面前的一个紧迫的课题。一、“导”与“研”模式的理论依据和含义现代教育心理学研究表明,教学效果取决于两
Physics experiment teaching is an important part of physics teaching. For a long time, there are two serious adverse tendencies in physics experiment teaching. One is teacher-centered tendency, which is manifested in demonstration experiment, which is done by teachers and students. Second, discipline-based tendencies, manifested in the group experiment, the students according to “menu ” to carry out the verification experiment. The concept of new curriculum emphasizes the process of knowledge construction, focusing on the ability of students to explore science in physics experiment, how to reform the physics experiment teaching, effectively cultivate the exploration spirit and scientific accomplishment of students in order to optimize the teaching effect, In front of the vast number of physics teachers an urgent issue. I. The theoretical basis and meaning of the “guide ” and “research ” model Modern educational psychology research shows that the teaching effect depends on two