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目的了解2006-2013年济南市历城区的水痘疫情的流行病学特征,为制定控制水痘流行的措施提供科学依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2006-2013年济南市历城区的水痘个案病例疫情信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析水痘的流行病学特征。结果 2006-2013年济南市历城区共报告水痘5 188例,8年平均发病率为62.61/10万,城乡结合部地区发病高于偏远农村地区,呈现春冬季两个发病高峰。病例中男性多于女性,以学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童为主,3~5岁年龄组发病率最高,其次为6~8岁年龄组,发病率分别为529.26/10万和450.79/10万。结论儿童为水痘的高发人群,应重点加强托幼机构和学校的水痘防控工作;尽快制定并实施2针水痘疫苗的免疫策略,并将其纳入扩大免疫规划,切实提高水痘疫苗接种率和及时接种率,可有效降低水痘发病率,减轻水痘的疾病负担。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Jinan City from 2006 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for the development of measures to control the prevalence of chickenpox. Methods Epidemic information of chickenpox cases in Jinan City from 2006 to 2013 was collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 5 188 chickenpox cases were reported in Licheng District of Jinan City from 2006 to 2013, with an average incidence of 62.61 / 100,000 in 8 years. The incidence in the urban-rural junction was higher than that in remote rural areas, showing the peak incidence in spring and winter. The number of males was higher than that of females, with the highest prevalence in the age group of 3 ~ 5 years, followed by the age of 6 ~ 8 years, with the incidence rates of 529.26 / 100000 and 450.79 / 10 Million Conclusions Children are the high incidence of chickenpox. The prevention and control of chickenpox in kindergartens and schools should be emphasized. The immunization strategy of 2-dose varicella vaccine should be formulated and implemented as soon as possible, which should be included in the expansion of immunization program and the vaccination rate and timely Inoculation rate, can effectively reduce the incidence of chickenpox, reduce the disease burden of chickenpox.