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对于中国科技近代化的开端,目前学界尚未达成共识,有以明代中晚期传教士来华带来西方科学知识为开端者,有以鸦片战争后林则徐、魏源为代表的新思想萌芽为开端者,也有认为中国科学技术近代化的开端为洋务运动。而事实上,洋务运动中西方科学技术的大量引进和广泛传播,促成了近代科技的发端,推动了中国近代化的进程。拟从军事与民用工业的发展、西方科学知识的引进以及科技人才培养三个维度,对洋务运动对中国科技的影响进行探讨。
For the beginning of the modernization of science and technology in China, at present no consensus has been reached yet. Beginning with the introduction of western scientific knowledge by missionaries in the late Ming Dynasty and beginning with the new ideas represented by Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan after the Opium War, Some also think that the beginning of the modernization of science and technology in China is the Westernization Movement. In fact, the massive introduction and widespread dissemination of Western science and technology in the Westernization Movement led to the onset of modern science and technology and promoted the process of China’s modernization. We intend to discuss the impact of the Westernization Movement on China’s science and technology from the three dimensions of the development of military and civilian industries, the introduction of Western scientific knowledge, and the cultivation of science and technology personnel.