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采用不同盐分含量的海冰水进行棉花灌溉试验,结果表明:①经过1年3次灌溉和降雨淋洗作用,海冰水盐分含量为1g/L、3g/L和5g/L的灌溉处理,土壤均表现为明显的脱盐效果,在0～20cm表层土壤脱盐率随海冰水盐分含量升高而降低,脱盐率最高为1g/L处理,达到57.22%,分别高于3g/L和5g/L处理3.28%和18.34%;而盐分含量为7g/L和9g/L的灌溉处理0～80cm土壤各层次表现为积盐,以60～80cm积盐最为严重。②各处理以1g/L和3g/L海冰水灌溉棉花果枝数、单颗棉桃重和产量最高,随灌溉水盐分含量增加产量呈递减的趋势,9g/L海冰水灌溉3次的处理与无灌溉相比出现显著减产,减产率为28.48%;7g/L和9g/L的2个处理,棉花整齐度指数和断裂比强度都有降低趋势,但各处理间棉纤维品质差异不显著。综合考虑海冰水长期灌溉效应及海冰脱盐技术,建议采用3g/L海冰水进行棉田灌溉,并要注意配合必要的灌溉和排水措施。
The results showed that: (1) irrigation and rainfall leaching were conducted three times a year and the seawater with salt and water content of 1 g / L, 3 g / L and 5 g / L was irrigated by seawater with different salt content. Soil desalination showed obvious desalination effect. The desalination rate of 0-20 cm soil layer decreased with the increase of sea ice water salinity, the highest salt rejection rate was 1 g / L, reaching 57.22%, higher than 3 g / L and 5 g / L, 3.28% and 18.34% respectively; while salt content of 7g / L and 9g / L of irrigation treatment showed 0 ~ 80cm soil layers as salt accumulation, with the salt content of 60 ~ 80cm being the most serious. ② The numbers of fruiting branches, single bolls and yield of cotton bolls were all irrigated by 1g / L seawater and 3g / L sea ice water. The yield decreased with the increase of irrigation water and salt content, and the treatment of 9g / L seawater ice irrigation three times Compared with no irrigation, the yield decreased significantly with the yield reduction of 28.48%. The two treatments, 7g / L and 9g / L, showed a decreasing tendency of cotton neatness index and breaking strength. However, there was no significant difference in cotton fiber quality among treatments . Considering long-term irrigation effect of sea ice water and desalination technology of sea ice, it is recommended to use 3 g / L sea ice water to irrigate the cotton field and pay attention to the necessary irrigation and drainage measures.