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目的研究电子垃圾拆解地区经口暴露多氯联苯(PCBs)对人群健康产生的潜在健康危害。方法运用美国环保署人群健康风险评估模型,评估电子垃圾拆解地区经口暴露多氯联苯对人群的致癌和非致癌风险。结果电子垃圾拆解地区水、稻米、包心菜、鸡蛋和鲫鱼中PCBs含量均高于对照区(均P<0.05);人群健康风险评估结果表明拆解区成年男性、成年女性和儿童经口暴露PCBs的非致癌风险分别为2.53×10-6、3.04×10-6、2.14×10-6,均高于美国环保局定义的人群风险水平值(1×10-6);拆解区成年男性、成年女性和儿童人群经口暴露PCBs的致癌风险分别为4.34×10-5、5.20×10-5、9.72×10-6,对照区人群经口暴露PCBs的致癌风险分别为4.45×10-6、4.61×10-6、1.37×10-6。结论电子垃圾拆解产生的PCBs已对当地环境造成一定程度的污染,并对当地人群存在潜在的健康风险。
Objective To study the potential health risks of oral exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to the health of people in dismantled e-waste areas. Methods The US EPA population health risk assessment model was used to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of oral exposure to PCBs to the population in dismantled e-waste areas. Results The PCBs contents in water, rice, cabbage, egg and crucian carp were all higher than those in the control area (all P <0.05). The results of population health risk assessment showed that PCBs were exposed to adult male, adult female and children in dismantling area Were 2.53 × 10-6, 3.04 × 10-6 and 2.14 × 10-6, respectively, which were higher than the population risk level (1 × 10-6) as defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency; adult male in the dismantling area, The carcinogenic risks of orally exposed PCBs in adult women and children are 4.34 × 10-5, 5.20 × 10-5 and 9.72 × 10-6 respectively. The carcinogenic risks of orally exposed PCBs in control group are 4.45 × 10-6, 4.61 × 10 -6, 1.37 × 10 -6. Conclusion The PCBs produced by teardown of e-waste have polluted the local environment to a certain extent and pose potential health risks to the local population.