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引言高能輻射作用于物貭时,在其中产生化学变化,最終得到新产品。所經之历程按性貭可分为三个阶段;即物理作用阶段、物理化学作用阶段和化学作用阶段”。在物理阶段,輻射与介貭的电子作用,在小于10~(-15)秒内把能量传递給介质,而介貭則由此而形成激发分子、原子和离子。由于这一过程进行得很快,生成的这些活性质点在一瞬間获得的能量,来不及向周围的分子传递,因而能量要比介貭分子的高出很多倍,处于热不平衡状态。于是随之卽发生鍵断裂、瑩光发射、内轉換等等过程,向邻近的分子传递能量,最后趋于热平衡。此卽物理化学作用阶段。一般情况下,此过程在約10~(12)秒内完成。在此过程后,达到热平衡的活性貭点,其化学性质很不稳定,而且分布也很不均匀。
Introduction When high energy radiation acts on objects, chemical changes occur in them and new products are finally obtained. According to the process by nature can be divided into three stages: the physical stage, the role of physical and chemical stages and chemical stage. "In the physical stage, the electron and the role of radiation and intermediates, in less than 10 ~ (-15) seconds The energy is transferred to the medium, while the medium is thus formed by the excitation molecules, atoms and ions due to the process carried out very quickly, the resulting active particles generated in an instant energy, too late to the surrounding molecules, Therefore, the energy is many times higher than that of the mesogen molecule and is in a state of thermal imbalance, thus following the process of key fracture, fluorescent emission, internal conversion and the like, energy is transferred to the neighboring molecules and the heat tends to balance.卽 Physico-Chemical Stage Generally, the process is completed in about 10 to 12 seconds, after which the thermal equilibrium point of activation is reached, its chemical properties are very unstable and the distribution is also very uneven.