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利用http://geodesy.unr.edu网站发布的新西兰和澳大利亚部分GPS连续观测站的数据处理结果,获取2016-11-13新西兰7.8级大地震同震位移、区域参考框架震前和震后水平位移。新西兰CMBL和KAIK站及日本USUD和TSKB等站的水平位移向量时间序列图直观且清楚地显示,同一GPS站同震水平位移方向和震前积累水平位移的总方向相反,同震水平位移是震前积累的水平位移的回跳或弹性回跳,因此,震前积累的水平位移是地震前兆。利用丰富的GPS观测结果讨论回跳或弹性回跳模型。分析东日本9.0级大地震GPS观测结果,表明,震前震中区一主应变为东西向的压缩,而地震的发生和同震形变是地震断层剪切形变所致。这与岩石破裂实验、应变理论和地震机制研究结果一致。
Using the data processing results from some GPS continuous observatories in New Zealand and Australia published by http://geodesy.unr.edu, we obtained the coseismic displacements of the magnitude 7.8 New Zealand earthquake, the magnitude of the pre-earthquake and post-earthquake regional reference frames Displacement. The horizontal displacement vector time series of stations CMBL and KAIK in New Zealand and USUD and TSKB in Japan intuitively and clearly show that the horizontal direction of co-seismic displacements in the same GPS station is opposite to the general direction of accumulated horizontal displacements in the same GPS station. Back-bumps or elastic bounces accumulated before the horizontal shift, therefore, the horizontal displacement accumulated before the earthquake is the earthquake precursor. Use the rich GPS observations to discuss bounce or elastic bounce models. Analysis of the GPS observations of the 9.0-magnitude East Japan Earthquake shows that a main strain in the epicenter area before the earthquake is an east-west compression, and the occurrence of the earthquake and coseismic deformation are caused by shear faults in the earthquake. This is consistent with the results of rock fracture experiments, strain theory and seismic mechanism.