自鸦片战争到辛亥革命,是清王朝由衰败到覆灭的历史时期。这一时期,清廷朝政日益腐败,内变蜂起,外患频仍;清军已失去昔日的雄风,军制落后,装备陈旧,军备废弛。清朝统治集团中的有识之士迫于形势,虽在政治、军事上作了一些改革的尝试,终因力不从心,难挽清 From the Opium War to the Revolution of 1911, it was the historical period from the decline to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty. During this period, the Qing government became more and more corrupt, and the internal affairs became more and more frequent. The Qing troops lost their former treasures, their military systems were backward, their equipment was outdated, and their armaments were abolished. People of insight in the Qing dynasty’s ruling circles were forced by the situation. Although they tried some reforms in the political and military fields,