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纵观新中国走过的历程,对外贸易已过去41个春秋。41年来的变化,给人们留下的印象是深刻的。一、现代中国对外贸易发展的特点(一)50年代至60年代初,对外贸易是以有计划的以物易物为主的互通有无交换建国初期,由于帝国主义国家对中国实行经济封锁禁运政策,企图从经济上扼杀年轻的新中国。当时中国对外贸易的对象主要是苏联和东欧等社会主义国家。中国同苏、东国家贸易占我国对外贸易总额的70～80%。贸易方式是政府间的协定贸易。支付和清算一般采用记帐结汇和双边清算的办法。这类协定贸易,不仅具有国际上国与国之间用货物互相交换的贸易
Throughout the history of the new China, 41 foreign trades have passed. Changes in the past 41 years have left a deep impression on people. I. Features of modern China’s foreign trade development (I) From the 1950s to the early 1960s, foreign trade was mainly based on planned exchange-based exchanges. The transport policy seeks to economically kill the young New China. At that time, China’s foreign trade was mainly targeted at socialist countries such as the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. China’s trade with the Soviet Union and Eastern countries accounts for 70-80% of China’s total foreign trade. The trade pattern is an agreement between governments. Payment and liquidation generally use accounting settlement and bilateral liquidation methods. This type of treaty trade not only has international trade between countries used for the exchange of goods.