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目的 为客观评估金坛市劳动卫生职业病防治工作的现状,以期寻求发展的对策。方法 对金坛市286家企业的一般情况、职业危害因素的分布情况、职业性健康体检情况及各类职业有害因素测定结果等进行调查。结果 调查各类乡镇企业286家,职工总数3 468人。生产场所存在的主要职业危害因素93种,其中粉尘8种,生产性毒物81种,物理因素4种。接触有毒有害因素人数2 750人,占职工总数的79.3％,其中接触粉尘929人,接触毒物1 735人,接触物理因素86人,分别占职工总数的26.8％、50.0％、2.5％。监测情况:粉尘监测合格率仅为8.3％。其次为毒物的监测合格率为58.4％。体检情况:物理因素体检率空白,总的体检率仅达到64.4％。结论 应完善职业法律、法规及相应的卫生标准,加强健康教育,提高工人素质,不断提高专业人员的业务素质和水平,加强与相关职能部门的沟通,搞好预防性卫生监督。
Objective To objectively evaluate the status quo of Jintan’s labor and health occupational disease prevention and control work in the hope of seeking solutions for development. Methods The general situation of 286 enterprises in Jintan, the distribution of occupational hazards, occupational health examination and the determination of various occupational harmful factors were investigated. Results A total of 286 township and village enterprises were investigated, with 3 468 employees. There are 93 major occupational hazards in production sites, including 8 kinds of dust, 81 kinds of productive toxicants and 4 kinds of physical factors. There were 2 750 people exposed to toxic and harmful factors, accounting for 79.3% of the total number of workers. Among them, 929 were exposed to dust, 1 735 were exposed to poison and 86 were physical factors of exposure, accounting for 26.8%, 50.0% and 2.5% of the total number of employees respectively. Monitoring conditions: dust monitoring qualified rate of only 8.3%. Followed by the monitoring of poison pass rate of 58.4%. Physical examination: physical factor physical examination blank, the total physical examination rate reached only 64.4%. Conclusion Occupational laws, regulations and corresponding health standards should be improved, health education should be strengthened, the quality of workers should be enhanced, professional qualifications and standards of professionals continuously improved, communication with relevant functional departments should be strengthened and preventive hygienic supervision should be well done.