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目的探讨社会支持、依恋和应激对大学生抑郁的影响,为大学生抑郁的干预和治疗提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样法,抽取湖南大学财经学院和中南大学二、三年级大学生647名进行调查。在完成了包含负性生活事件、社会支持、依恋和抑郁症状在内的首次测评1个月后完成负性生活事件和抑郁症状的追踪测评。结果大学生社会支持网络大小、支持满意度和安全依恋与抑郁均呈负相关(r=-0.44～-0.18,P值均<0.01),应激、不安全依恋与抑郁均呈正相关(r=0.20～0.44,P值均<0.01);路径分析显示,社会支持(满意度、网络大小、亲密性)、应激可通过不安全型依恋间接作用于抑郁,不安全型依恋是社会支持对抑郁作用的中介变量。结论社会支持、依恋与应激的相互作用可以增强对大学生抑郁的预测性;不安全型依恋是社会支持、应激对抑郁作用的中介变量。
Objective To explore the impact of social support, attachment and stress on depression in college students, and to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention and treatment of depression in college students. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to collect 647 college students from Hunan University and Central South University. A follow-up assessment of negative life events and depressive symptoms was completed 1 month after completing the first assessment including negative life events, social support, attachment and depression symptoms. Results There was a negative correlation between college social support network size, support satisfaction and safety attachment and depression (r = -0.44-0.18, P <0.01), stress and unsafe attachment were positively correlated with depression (r = 0.20 ~ 0.44, P <0.01). Path analysis showed that social support (satisfaction, network size, intimacy), stress can act on depression indirectly through unsafe attachment, and unsafe attachment is the effect of social support on depression Mediation variables. Conclusions The interaction of social support, attachment and stress can enhance the predictability of depression in college students. Unsafe attachment is the mediating variable of social support and stress on depression.