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目的观察成红细胞增多症胎婴儿的临床病理特点,并对其发生机制进行分析。方法对4例成红细胞增多症胎婴儿的临床表现、外形、内脏结构以及胎盘形态进行观察分析。结果 4例成红细胞增多症均伴有胎儿水肿和腹腔积液,胎婴儿肝、脾、肺或肾中可见有核红细胞,胎盘绒毛肿大和水肿,胎盘血管中可见幼稚红细胞。结论胎婴儿成红细胞增多症的主要病理改变为全身脏器血管内可见大小不一、幼稚不成熟的有核红细胞,其发生与母婴血型不合有密切关系。
Objective To observe the clinicopathological features of infants with polycythemia and to analyze its mechanism. Methods The clinical manifestations, appearance, visceral structure and placental morphology of 4 infants with polycystic kidney disease were observed and analyzed. Results 4 cases of polycythemia were associated with fetal edema and ascites, fetal baby liver, spleen, lung or kidney can be seen in the nucleated erythrocytes, placental villi and edema, placental blood vessels can be seen in naive red blood cells. Conclusions The main pathological changes of polycythemia in infantile infants are the appearance of juvenile immature nucleated red blood cells (VBCs) in the internal organs of the whole body. The occurrence of abnormal erythrocytes is closely related to the maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility.