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目的:使用三维能量多普勒超声比较先兆早产和无症状宫颈过短单胎孕妇的宫颈体积和血管指数。方法:预先扫描妊娠24-34.6周的300例无症状健康孕妇的宫颈长度。将宫颈长度过短,小于孕周的10%的孕妇纳入无症状宫颈短组,测量该组孕妇宫颈体积和血管指数(Ⅵ)、血管血流指数(VFI)和血流指数(FI)。先兆早产组患者入院的24小时内测量同样的超声参数。记录孕妇的体重指数、孕周、吸烟状况、经产状况、早产家族史、母亲为早产出生者以及之前的早产情况等数据。比较两组孕妇超声检查结果和病史参数。结果:29例无症状健康妇女(9.6%)宫颈较短。两组间的病史参数或宫颈长度无显著差异。先兆早产组的宫颈体积较小(12.90 vs 17.168 cm3,P=0.005)。无症状宫颈过短孕妇的VI和VFI均较低(VI:4.369%vs 15.939%,P<0.001;VFI:1.514 vs4.878,P<0.001)。宫颈过短组的FI较高(33.581 vs 30.311,P=0.006)。结论:无症状宫颈过短组孕妇与先兆早产组孕妇之间的宫颈长度类似,但两组间宫颈体积和血管指数存在差异。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the cervical volume and vascular index of threatened preterm and asymptomatic singleton pregnant women with three-dimensional energy Doppler ultrasound. METHODS: The cervical length of 300 asymptomatic healthy pregnant women at 24-34.6 weeks of gestation was pre-scanned. Pregnant women less than 10% of gestational age were included in the asymptomatic cervix short group. Cervical volume and vascular index (Ⅵ), blood flow index (VFI) and blood flow index (FI) of the pregnant women were measured. The same ultrasound parameters were measured within 24 hours of admission to the threatened preterm labor group. Record body mass index of pregnant women, gestational age, smoking status, status of production, family history of preterm birth, the birth of mothers for preterm birth and previous data on preterm birth. The results of the ultrasound examination and the history parameters of the two groups were compared. Results: In 29 asymptomatic healthy women (9.6%), the cervix was shorter. There was no significant difference in the history parameters or cervical length between the two groups. The cervical volume of the threatened preterm labor group was smaller (12.90 vs 17.168 cm3, P = 0.005). Women with asymptomatic cervicosis had lower VI and VFI (VI: 4.369% vs 15.939%, P <0.001; VFI: 1.514 vs 4.878, P <0.001). The FI in the group with a history of cervical shortness was higher (33.581 vs 30.311, P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The cervical length between pregnant women with asymptomatic cervical subgroups and those with threatened preterm births is similar, but there is a difference in cervical volume and vascular index between the two groups.