本文对内蒙古蛇纹石矿石进行了硫酸浸出试验,并研究了不同浸出工艺参数对金属浸出效率的影响.在H2SO4浓度为5 mol/L、液固比为4 mL/g、浸出温度为100℃的条件下,Mg、Fe、Al、Ni、Co的浸出率分别达到93.98％、60.09％、82.08％、90.58％、94.06％,表明硫酸浸出能有效地从蛇纹石中回收有价金属.利用X射线衍射分析了浸出后Mg、Fe和少量Al在浸出渣中的浸出行为,未反应的Mg和Fe以MgFe2O4的形式存在于浸出渣中,少量的Al以Al2Si2O5(OH)4的形式存在于浸出渣中.在浸出过程中分别对Mg和Ni进行了动力学研究,其中Mg的浸出符合缩核模型,在浸出过程中受扩散与化学反应的混合控制,活化能为16.95 kJ/mol.Ni的浸出符合Avrami方程,在浸出过程中受扩散控制,活化能为11.57 kJ/mol.该研究以高效、低成本的方法从蛇纹石矿物中提取有了价金属元素,具有重要的实用价值.“,”Inner Mongolian serpentine ore was subjected to sulfuric acid leaching tests, and the effects of the leaching process parameters on the leaching efficiency of different metals were investigated. The leaching efficiency of Mg, Fe, Al, Ni, and Co reaches 93.98％, 60.09％, 82.08％, 90.58％, and 94.06％, respectively, under the leaching conditions of 5 mol/L H2SO4, liquid/solid ratio of 4 mL/g, and leaching temperature 100 ℃. Hence, the valuable metals in serpentine were effectively recovered by sulfuric acid leaching. The leaching behaviors of Mg, Fe, and a small amount of Al were analyzed using X-ray diffraction. The results show that the unreacted Mg and Fe remained as MgFe2O4, and Al formed Al2Si2O5(OH)4 in the leaching residue. The kinetics of Mg and Ni in the leaching process was studied respectively. The leaching kinetics of Mg conformed to the shrinking core model with an activation energy of 16.95 kJ/mol, which was controlled by the combination of the diffusion and chemical reaction. The leaching kinetics of Ni accorded with the Avrami equation with an activation energy of 11.57 kJ/mol, which was controlled by diffusion. In the study, the valuable metal elements were extracted from serpentine minerals with high efficiency and low cost, which possessed important practical values.