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目的探讨整体护理模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2014年1月—2015年12月江门市第二人民医院收治的206例COPD患者,随机分为对照组(104例)和观察组(102例)。其中给予对照组患者常规的COPD护理模式,观察组患者给予整体护理模式。观察比较两组患者干预前后肺功能各指标[1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1预测值及用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)]、临床症状(咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难及胸闷)、生活质量、健康行为(吸烟)、家庭支持及心理(焦虑)等变化情况。结果观察组干预后FEV1、FEV1预测值及FEV1/FVC分别为(0.75±0.18)L、(0.79±0.20)L、(0.71±0.12)%,均显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的临床症状和生活质量改善程度均显著好于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后吸烟、家庭支持及焦虑患者所占百分比分别为19.61%、89.22%、40.20%,对照组为29.81%、48.08%、60.58%,较两组干预前比较均有明显好转(P<0.05);与同期对照组比较,观察组干预后各项指标好转更明显(P<0.05)。结论整体护理模式不仅可帮助COPD患者显著改善肺功能、减轻临床症状及提高生活质量,且也可显著帮助患者改掉不良习惯,提高患者家庭支持率及改善患者的心理负性情绪。
Objective To explore the application of holistic nursing model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A total of 206 COPD patients admitted to the Second People’s Hospital of Jiangmen from January 2014 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control group (104 cases) and observation group (102 cases). Patients in the control group were given conventional COPD care and patients in the observation group were given overall care. The indexes of pulmonary function (FEV1, FEV1 predictive value and FEV1 / FVC) before and after intervention were observed and compared. The clinical symptoms (cough, expectoration, respiration Difficulty and chest tightness), quality of life, health behaviors (smoking), family support and psychology (anxiety). Results The FEV1, FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC were (0.75 ± 0.18) L, (0.79 ± 0.20) L and (0.71 ± 0.12)% respectively in the observation group after intervention, which were significantly higher than those in the control group Significance (P <0.05). Clinical symptoms and quality of life in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P <0.05). The percentage of smoking, family support and anxiety patients in the observation group after intervention was 19.61%, 89.22% and 40.20%, respectively, and the control group was 29.81%, 48.08% and 60.58% respectively, which were obviously improved compared with the two groups before intervention (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group at the same period, the indexes in the observation group improved more obviously after intervention (P <0.05). Conclusion The overall nursing model can not only help patients with COPD significantly improve lung function, reduce clinical symptoms and improve quality of life, but also significantly help patients get rid of bad habits, increase family support and improve their psychological negative emotions.