论文部分内容阅读
人类对生态系统服务的需求与重视程度,随经济发展而变化。已有研究显示收入对公共服务的需求偏好和消费行为具有重要影响。生态系统服务需求收入弹性度量需求和收入之间的动态关系,反映生态系统服务需求对收入变动的敏感程度。文章以黑河流域为例,测算了不同收入阶层生态系统服务支付意愿的收入弹性。研究发现:生态系统服务的支付意愿收入弹性大于1,说明收入水平提高,生态系统服务需求将以更大的比例增加;各收入阶层支付意愿收入弹性不同;其中,中、高收入组收入弹性大于1,低收入组收入弹性小于1,表明不同收入阶层对生态系统服务的需求偏好具有异质性。在此基础上提出改善和恢复生态系统服务的供给等公共政策时,将生态系统服务供给对象的偏好纳入政策制订与完善之中。
Human needs and priorities for ecosystem services change with economic development. Studies have shown that income has a major impact on the demand preferences and consumer behavior of public services. Ecosystem Services Demand Income Elasticity measures the dynamic relationship between demand and income and reflects the sensitivity of ecosystem services needs to changes in income. Taking Heihe River Basin as an example, the article estimates the income elasticity of the willingness to pay for ecosystem services of different income groups. The results show that the income elasticity of willingness to pay for ecosystem services is greater than 1, indicating that the income level will increase and the demand for ecosystem services will increase in a larger proportion. The income elasticity of willingness to pay for different income groups will be different. Among them, the income elasticity of middle- and high- 1, Income elasticity of low-income group is less than 1, indicating that different income groups have heterogeneity in demand preference for ecosystem services. Based on this, we put forward the public policy of improving and restoring the supply of ecosystem services, and put the preferences of the target suppliers of ecosystem services into the formulation and improvement of policies.