行政上的双重结构与多种经营 我们这次访问特别注意了林业管理体制问题。 林区在有计划采伐之前原本没有基层地方行政设置。现有的行政管理制度和设置是在林业开发的过程中逐步建立起来的。进入林区伐木和运输的工人由林业系统的基层单位——队和站负责管理,同时由于森林里荒无人烟,职工的生活必须由林业系统自身经营。因此林业系统不得不担负起经营、管理职工和家属的各种社会需要的职能。从孩子出生到老人死亡所需的教育、就业、婚嫁、退休、疾病、娱乐以至丧葬等一切社会职能都得由林管局统筹。换一句话说,林业系统既包了林,又包了人。由企业性质开始,终于 Double Administrative Structure and Multi-Operational Management Our visit paid special attention to the issue of the forestry management system. Forests had no basic local administrative setup until planned harvesting. The existing administrative systems and settings are gradually established in the process of forestry development. The workers entering the forest area for logging and transportation are managed by the grass-roots units of the forestry system, and the stations and stations are responsible for the management. At the same time, due to the deserted forests, the life of the workers must be managed by the forestry system itself. Therefore, the forestry system has to assume the functions of managing and managing various social needs of workers and their dependents. Education, employment, marriage, retirement, illness, entertainment and even funeral, which are necessary for the death of an elderly child from birth to birth, must be co-ordinated by the Authority. In other words, the forestry system includes both forestry and human resources. Start with the nature of the business, finally