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目的了解浙江省宁波市城乡结合部学龄前儿童伤害发生的流行病学特征及影响因素。方法选取宁波市鄞州区高桥镇作为项目点,整群抽取该镇8个行政村,采用问卷形式,对891名学龄前儿童在过去1年内(2007年1月11日至12月31日)伤害发生情况及相关因素进行调查。结果被调查的891名儿童中,1年内发生伤害的达120人次,伤害发生率为13.47%,其中男女性儿童伤害发生率分别为15.45%和11.17%,伤害类型构成排序前5位依次为跌落(55.00%)、动物伤(10.00%)、烧烫伤(6.67%)、钝器伤(5.83%)和交通事故(5.83%)。不同户籍的学龄前儿童伤害发生率差异无统计学意义,但发生时间及伤后处理结果等不一致。对学龄前儿童伤害及相关因素进行多因素logistic回归分析提示,儿童年龄较大、没有上幼儿园、无保姆陪护、母亲文化程度较低,以及家庭中存在的某些危险环境,是儿童伤害发生的危险因素。结论伤害严重影响着城乡结合部学龄前儿童的健康,应针对儿童伤害的影响因素,及早开展伤害的干预控制措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of preschool children’s injuries in the urban-rural part of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Methods Takahashi Town, Yinzhou District, Ningbo City was selected as the project site. Eight administrative villages in the town were selected by cluster sampling. Eighty-one pre-school children aged 891 in the past year (January 11 to December 31, 2007) Injury and related factors to investigate the situation. Results Of the 891 children surveyed, 120 were injured in one year and the injury rate was 13.47%. Among them, the incidence rates of male and female child injuries were 15.45% and 11.17%, respectively. The top five injuries were ranked in order of drop (55.00%), animal injuries (10.00%), burns (6.67%), blunt trauma (5.83%) and traffic accidents (5.83%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of injuries among pre-school children with different household registrations, but the time of occurrence and the outcome of post-injury treatment were inconsistent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of pre-school children’s injuries and related factors suggested that children were harmed when they were older, had no kindergarten, no babysitter, low level of mother’s education, and some dangerous environment in the family Risk factors. Conclusions Injuries seriously affect the health of pre-school children in the urban-rural junction. The prevention and treatment measures should be given in response to the factors that affect children’s injuries.