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[目的]探讨目前我国人群肺癌、肝癌和乳腺癌发生的主要危险因素 ,为预防决策提供依据。[方法]利用综合分析方法估计我国人群三种肿瘤的主要危险因素的相对危险度及人群归因危险度百分比。[结果]三种肿瘤的主要危险因素分别为 ,肺癌包括精神因素、室内环境污染、香烟烟雾、遗传因素和饮食中蔬菜水果的摄入少 ;乳腺癌包括女性生育和生理因素、疾病史、生活精神刺激、家族史、体重 ;肝癌包括病毒感染、家族肝癌史、摄入黄曲霉毒素污染食物、饮水污染和心理因素。[结论]在影响三种肿瘤发生的因素中 ,除了各自的特点外 ,其共同的因素如相应系统疾病史、精神因素等应引起重视。
[Objective] To explore the main risk factors of lung cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer in our country and provide the basis for prevention decision. [Methods] The relative risk of the main risk factors and the percentage of the risk attributable to the population of three kinds of tumors in Chinese population were estimated by comprehensive analysis method. [Results] The main risk factors of the three tumors were lung cancer including mental factors, indoor environmental pollution, cigarette smoke, genetic factors and intake of vegetables and fruits in the diet. Breast cancer included female fertility and physiological factors, disease history, life Mental stimulation, family history, weight; liver cancer, including viral infections, family history of liver cancer, intake of aflatoxin contaminated food, drinking water pollution and psychological factors. [Conclusion] Among the factors that affect the occurrence of the three tumors, besides their respective characteristics, common factors such as the history of systemic diseases and mental factors should be emphasized.