论文部分内容阅读
本文介绍土力学的三个主要组成部分,即理论土力学、计算土力学和实验土力学在近10年来的发展状况。理论土力学主要研究土体中发生的各种现象的宏观、微观机理及其影响因素,并且尽可能将这些物理现象抽象化为数学方程,以便在不同的初始和边界条件下求解,进行理论计算分析。由于土体性质和实际工程的边界条件往往过于复杂,以致在许多情况下很难得出精确解或闭合解,从而使理论土力学在定量地分析工程问题方面的作用受到一定的限制。计算土力学的兴起,为各种岩土工程问题提供了许多有力的分析计算手段。实验土力学则为上述理论分析和数值计算测定有关计算指标和参数,研究各种室内或原位试验,以及为校核和验证这些分析计算结果而进行的模型试验和离心模型试验等。
This paper describes the three main components of soil mechanics, namely the development of theoretical soil mechanics, computational soil mechanics and experimental soil mechanics in the past 10 years. Theoretical soil mechanics mainly studies the macroscopic and microscopic mechanisms and influencing factors of various phenomena occurring in soils, and abstracts these physical phenomena as mathematical equations as much as possible so that they can be solved under different initial and boundary conditions for theoretical calculations. analysis. Because the soil properties and boundary conditions of practical engineering are often too complex, it is difficult to obtain exact solutions or closed solutions in many cases, so that the role of theoretical soil mechanics in the quantitative analysis of engineering problems is limited. The rise of computational soil mechanics has provided many powerful analytical and computational tools for various geotechnical engineering problems. Experimental soil mechanics is the calculation of the above theoretical analysis and numerical calculations related to the calculation of indicators and parameters, the study of a variety of indoor or in-situ tests, as well as for verification and verification of these analytical calculations conducted by the model tests and centrifugal model tests.