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本文运用中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查数据对医疗保险(新农合)扩张引致的事前道德风险及其异质性进行了研究。文章发现事前道德风险的存在:虽然老年人或多或少会减少吸烟和减少过度饮酒,同时增加锻炼,但是参加新农合的老人在这些方面的改善行为相对较少。文章还发现事前道德风险在不同健康人群中存在明显的异质性:健康较好的群体影响更强,健康较差的人群影响几乎不存在。本文建议新农合应该更多地涵盖预防保健服务。
In this study, we used the survey data of influencing factors on the health and longevity of the elderly in China to study the ex ante moral hazard and its heterogeneity caused by the expansion of medical insurance (NCMS). The article found the existence of ex ante moral hazard: although seniors were more likely to reduce smoking and alcohol consumption and exercise more at the same time, the elderly participating in NRCMS improved relatively less in these areas. The article also found that there is a significant heterogeneity of ex ante moral hazard among different groups of healthy people: those with better-of-health groups have greater impact and those with less-healthy ones have almost no impact. This paper suggests that NRCMS should cover more preventive health services.