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目的调查四川汶川地震灾区伤员的心理状况,探讨重大自然灾害事件对灾区伤员心理状况的影响情况。方法采用90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、自制的灾区伤员一般情况调查表、睡眠情况调查表以及心理应激调查表,对110例四川汶川灾区伤员的心理状况进行调查。结果灾区伤员SCL-90各因子分均高于正常人群,差异有显著性(P<0.05),其中,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖性因子分与常模相比较,差异十分显著(P<0.01)。HAMA总分>14分的有16例(14.5%);HAMD总分>20分的有21例(19.1%);睡眠量表总分>7分的有65例(59.1%);应激量表总分>10分的有51例(46.4%);具有明显的创伤后综合症并且符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)中创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状学标准的有9例(8.2%);符合CCMD-3脑器质性精神障碍诊断标准的1例。结论地震对灾区伤员心理的影响是普遍而严重的,为灾区伤员提供早期的确当的心理治疗和干预是十分必要的。
Objective To investigate the psychological status of the wounded in the earthquake-stricken area of Wenchuan, Sichuan and investigate the impact of major natural disasters on the psychological status of the wounded in the disaster areas. Methods 90 symptom checklist (SCL-90), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), self-made disaster casualty general condition questionnaire, sleep condition questionnaire and psychological stress questionnaire To investigate the psychological status of 110 wounded people in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province. Results The score of SCL-90 in the injured area was higher than that in the normal population (P <0.05). The difference of somatization, depression, anxiety and horror factor between the two groups was significant (P < 0.01). There were 16 (14.5%) with HAMA score> 14 and 21 (19.1%) with HAMD score> 20 and 65 (59.1%) with sleep score> 7; Fifty-one patients (46.4%) with a total score of> 10 had significant post-traumatic syndromes and conformed to the PTSD Symptoms in CCMD-3 (CCMD-3) The standard of 9 cases (8.2%); in line with the CCMD-3 brain organic mental disorders in 1 case. Conclusion The impact of the earthquake on the psychology of the wounded in the disaster area is widespread and serious. It is necessary to provide early and proper psychotherapy and intervention for the wounded in the disaster area.