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建筑围护结构负荷主要受室内外气候条件及围护结构自身的几何和热工参数的影响。由于夏热冬冷地区的气候特点及倾向较大窗墙比的现状,对该地区墙体是否需要进行保温,仍然存在着争议。本文研究首先利用正交实验原理研究窗墙比、外墙和外窗传热系数、遮阳系数对围护结构负荷的影响;其次探讨室内设计温度对围护结构参数优化的影响。考虑到该地区住宅室内热环境的现状及居民的着衣习惯,在夏热冬冷地区墙体不采取保温措施,冬季通过适当降低室内设计温度可以保证不增加采暖负荷,而墙体传热引起的夏季空调负荷可以通过采取有效遮阳措施减少太阳辐射负荷来弥补。
The building envelope load is mainly affected by the indoor and outdoor climatic conditions and the geometric and thermal parameters of the envelope itself. Due to the climatic characteristics of hot summer and cold winter areas and the tendency of larger window-wall ratios, there is still controversy over the need for wall insulation in the area. In this paper, the orthogonal experimental principle is firstly used to study the influence of window-wall ratio, exterior wall and outer window heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient on the load of the envelope. Secondly, the influence of the interior design temperature on the envelope parameter optimization is discussed. Considering the indoor thermal environment in the area and the residents’ clothing habits, the wall insulation in the hot summer and cold winter area does not take heat preservation measures. In winter, by appropriately reducing the interior design temperature, the heating load can be guaranteed without increasing the heat transfer of the wall Summer air conditioning load can be compensated by taking effective sunshade measures to reduce the solar radiation load.