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历代论杜诗者,多以“沉郁顿挫”言其风格,然各说不一。仇兆鳌云:“敦厚温柔,托诸变雅变风之体;沉郁顿挫,形于曰比日兴之中。”何日愈云:“余谓太自以天资胜,故语多俊逸;子美以学力胜,故语多沉郁。”吴瞻泰云:“沉郁者,意也;顿挫者,法也。意至而法亦无不密。”等等,各执其意。本文意欲对“沉郁顿挫”再试作探讨,以求教正。 一、“沉郁顿挫”不是杜诗总体风格 杨世民先生论杜诗风格,以沉郁顿挫为杜诗总体风格。罗宗强先生论杜诗时也说:“显然,杜诗的沉郁顿挫的风格,是由多种风格因素构成的,只强调其中一种因素,均不足以概括杜诗风格的全貌。”其意亦以沉郁顿挫为杜诗的总体风格。论者同二位先生之见者,实不在少数。其实,“沉郁顿挫”并非杜诗总体风格。
Duke poets on many occasions, mostly in “depressed setbacks,” said its style, though different. Qiu Zhao Ao Yun: “Dune thick gentle, care and change the body into the wind; Depression setback, shaped in the statement than the Nikko.” More and more: “Yu too too self-winning, so multi-Jun Yi; Zi The United States to learn the power of victory, so more gloomy language. ”Wuzhan Taiyun:“ Depression, meaning also; frustration, France also. Italy to law and no secret. ” This article intends to re-examine the “gloomy frustration” in order to seek truth from facts. First, the “gloomy frustration” is not the general style of Du Fu Yang Shimin Du Fu’s style of poetry to Depression set Du Fu’s overall style. When Mr. Luo Zongqiang argued about Du Fu, he said: “Obviously, Du Fu’s gloomy style is made up of many kinds of style factors. Only one of these factors is emphasized, so it is not enough to summarize the whole picture of Du Fu’s style.” Depressed to Du Fu’s overall style. There are really many who see the two gentlemen. In fact, “depressed frustration” is not Du Fu’s overall style.