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基于黑龙江省芸豆主栽地区春季频繁发生低温干旱,生产上经常晚播的生产实际,为了寻求适应实际生产条件的播期和密度协调栽培技术,在大田试验条件下探讨了5月15日(I)、5月25日(II)、6月04日(III)3个播期和15万株/hm~2(D1)、20万株/hm~2(D2)、25万株/hm~2(D3)、30万株/hm~2(D4)4个种植密度对芸豆植株性状、干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明:相比于第I播期,第II和III播期条件下,芸豆的株高、茎粗、主茎节数和分枝数均有所下降,但芸豆的生长率有所增加。同时,随播期的推迟,芸豆花后的单株干物质积累和群体干物质积累逐渐下降趋势,单株荚数和单株粒数呈先增后减趋势。II-D2处理的产量最高,其次为I-D2和III-D3处理,分别比不同播期下D1处理多27.18%~45.31%、17.57%~34.34%、14.92%~31.31%。总体来看,在3种播期下,合理的种植密度能够使芸豆生长率、花后群体干物质积累增加,构建优良群体结构,在晚播(III)时适度密植(D3)的增产稳产优势更明显。
Based on the frequent occurrence of low temperature and drought in spring and the production of late evening sowing in production in Heilongjiang Province, in order to seek for the sowing date and density co-cultivation techniques that adapt to the actual production conditions, , 20000 plants / hm ~ 2 (D2), 250,000 plants / hm ~ 2 (D1), 3 sowing dates on May 25th and June 04th, 2 (D3) and 30000 plants / hm2 (D4) on plant traits, dry matter accumulation and yield of kidney bean. The results showed that compared with the first sowing date, the sowing dates II and III, the plant height, stem diameter, main stem number and branch number of kidney bean decreased, but the growth rate of kidney bean increased. At the same time, with the postponement of sowing date, the accumulation of dry matter per plant and population dry matter accumulation of Kidney bean decreased gradually. The number of pods per plant and the number of single plant per plant increased first and then decreased. The yield of II-D2 was the highest, followed by I-D2 and III-D3, respectively, which were 27.18% -45.31%, 17.57% -34.34% and 14.92% -31.31% more than that of D1 at different sowing times. Overall, under the three sowing dates, the reasonable planting density could increase the growth rate of kidney beans and the accumulation of dry matter of the population after anthesis, and constructed an excellent population structure. More obvious.