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通过帽儿山兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)人工林树木年轮样本和气象资料,对该地区兴安落叶松进行了树木年轮气候学研究,结果表明:过去50年年均温度上升达到了显著水平(p<0.05),平均温度每10年约上升0.4℃,年平均最高气温每10年约上升0.3℃,年平均最低气温每10年约上升0.5℃,但是年降水量随着年份变化不显著(p>0.05)。从月均温度来看,所有月份均出现明显上升趋势,其中冬季2月份温度上升最为明显,达到0.9～1℃/10年,而夏季(6～8月)上升的较小,达到0.2～0.7℃/10年;多数月份降雨量随年龄变化不显著(p>0.05)。在这一气候变暖过程中,早材及总年轮宽度生长随着夏季(6～7月)温度上升而下降,春季(5月)温度的升高而升高,晚材随着秋季(9月)温度上升而增加,导致在年水平上,年轮生长随着年均温的变化不显著(p>0.05)。降雨量在未来气候变化过程中,没有稳定的变化趋势,但是对年轮影响明显,在年水平上,早材与年轮的生长均受降水量的影响较大(p<0.05)。如果未来东北地区气候变暖趋势明显,而降水量变化不明显,春季和秋季温度升高导致的年轮生长增加会被夏季过高温度抑制年轮生长所抵消,因此,落叶松林径向生长受到的影响可能不大。
Based on the tree-ring samples and climatic data of Larix gmelinii plantation, the tree-ring climatological study of Larix gmelinii in this area was conducted. The results show that the annual average temperature has risen to a significant level in the past 50 years (p <0.05). The average temperature increased about 0.4 ℃ every 10 years, the annual mean maximum temperature increased about 0.3 ℃ every 10 years, and the annual mean minimum temperature increased about 0.5 ℃ every 10 years, but the annual precipitation did not change significantly with the year (p> 0.05). From the monthly average temperature, all the months showed a clear upward trend, of which the temperature in February rose most obviously, reaching 0.9-1 ℃ / 10 years, while the summer (June-August) rose to 0.2-0.7 ℃ / 10 years; the rainfall in most months did not change significantly with age (p> 0.05). During this warming process, the width of earlywood and total annual rings decreased with the increase of temperature in summer (June ~ July) and increased with the increase of temperature in spring (May) September) increased, resulting in no significant change of annual growth with annual average temperature (p> 0.05). Rainfall does not have a stable trend during the future climate change, but it has a significant impact on annual rings. On the annual level, the growth of earlywood and annual rings is affected by precipitation (p <0.05). If the trend of climate warming in northeast China is obvious and the change of precipitation is not obvious in the future, the growth of annual ring growth caused by the increase of spring and autumn temperatures will be offset by the suppression of growth of annual rings in summer. Therefore, the radial growth of Larch forest is affected The impact may not be significant.