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当代西方论辩研究可大体区分为结果取向的非形式逻辑研究、程序-规则取向的语用辩证研究和过程-受众取向的修辞论辩研究三个视角。不同视角的论辩理论都从古典修辞思想汲取理论灵感,强调以或然意见而非绝对真理作为话语生发的基础,注重话语实践的时空、受众等情境因素在论辩生成与评估中的作用,体现了修辞转向或者说对修辞传统的回归。这些论辩理论资源理应成为西方修辞学术遗产不可或缺的组成部分。论辩研究的修辞转向对于修辞批评实践和修辞学自身的发展都不无积极意义。
Contemporary Western argument research can be roughly divided into non-formal logic of result orientation, pragmatic dialectical research and process of procedural-rule orientation, and rhetoric argument of audience orientation. Different theories of argumentation draw inspiration from classical rhetorical ideas, emphasize the foundation of spontaneous discourse with contingent opinion rather than absolute truth, emphasize the role of discourse practice time and space, audience and other contextual factors in the formation and evaluation of argument, Rhetorical Turn or Return to Rhetorical Tradition. These arguments for argumentation should become an indispensable part of the intellectual legacy of the West. The Rhetoric Turn of Argument Research Has No Positive Significance for the Practice of Rhetoric and the Development of Rhetoric itself.