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本文以沦陷时期滞留北平的文人学者为对象,聚焦其囿于出处进退的政治选择等考虑的表达策略,通过修辞层面的分析来探讨所涉伦理问题。他们所采取的修辞策略,包括固有概念的复活、典故系统的挪用、文类传统的拟构,不囿于纸面上的语辞,既是一种伦理表达方式,亦可视作象征性的社会行为。从修辞的角度切入北平沦陷时期的历史经验,意在突破既有研究框架,打通以往新旧、雅俗、文史的界限,将被文学史奉为正统的新文学相对化,以揭示为一般沦陷区文学研究所不及、忽视乃至摒弃的某一历史侧面。沦陷时的隐微修辞,不仅是一种文学行为,也是一种伦理的表达方式。而本文提出“隐微修辞”的概念,除了触及沦陷时期言文表达的特殊性和具体性,也反思新文学的限度,希望对相关研究理论和方法有所启示。
Taking the scholars and scholars who stayed in Beiping during the period of enemy occupation as the object, this article focuses on the expression tactics of politics such as the political choice of advancing and retreating from the source, and discusses the ethical issues through rhetorical analysis. The rhetorical strategies adopted by them, including the resurrection of the inherent concept, the appropriation of the allusion system, the traditional analogy of the genre, and the rhetoric on paper are not only an ethical expression but also a symbolic society behavior. From the rhetorical point of view into Peiping during the fall of the historical experience, intended to break through the existing research framework, open up the old and new, elegant and literary history, the literary history will be regarded as orthodox new literature relative to reveal the general enemy-occupied area literature Unable to research, ignore or even abandon some of the historical side. The hidden micro-rhetoric of the fall is not only a literary act but also an ethical expression. However, the concept of “subtle micro-rhetoric” is proposed in this paper. Apart from touching on the particularity and specificity of language expression in the period of the Japanese occupation, it also reflects on the limits of new literature and hopes to make some revelations on relevant research theories and methods.