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利用RBR Virtuoso D|wave压力式波潮仪原位观测了三峡水库165m水位时的近岸波高,通过对6测点1 000多组波高实测资料的参数检验和Weibull分布拟合,分析了近岸波高在干支流、左右岸、狭窄或宽阔库面处的空间差异特征,并探讨了库区波高的主要影响因素。结果表明:不同位置和库面展宽的近岸波高有显著差异(p<0.05),长江干流近岸有效波高的均值、极值及发生频率均大于支流,狭窄库面近岸波高均值和极值虽大于宽阔库面,但狭窄库面近岸波高的发生频率要小于宽阔库面;水库近岸波浪的波高频率分布较好地符合Weibull分布,干流岸段的波高主要集中在6cm以下,占90%以上,支流岸段波高主要集中在2cm以下,占87%。实测波高日过程曲线的波陡变化与断面通行船只特征具有较好的协同性,通航船只数量和类型差异是三峡水库近岸波高空间变异的主要原因。
The RBV Virtuoso D | wave pressure wave tide gauge was used to observe the inland wave height of the Three Gorges reservoir in situ at a 165m water level. Based on the parameter test and Weibull distribution fitting of the measured data of more than 1,000 wave groups at 6 measuring points, The characteristics of spatial variability of the wave height at the dry tributaries, left and right banks, narrow or broad reservoirs, and the main influencing factors of wave height in the reservoir area are discussed. The results show that there is a significant difference (p <0.05) in the near-shore wave height between different locations and the surface of the reservoir. The mean, extreme value and frequency of effective nearshore of the Yangtze River are greater than those of the tributaries, Although the frequency is larger than the broad reservoir surface, the frequency of nearshore wave height in the narrow reservoir surface is less than that of the broad reservoir surface. The wave height and frequency distribution of the nearshore waves in the reservoir is well fitted to the Weibull distribution. The wave height of the mainstream of the mainstream is below 6cm, accounting for 90% %, The wave height of the tributary shore is mainly below 2cm, accounting for 87%. The wave steepness of the curve of measured wave height has a good synergy with the characteristics of the vessel passing through the section. The difference of the numbers and types of navigable vessels is the main reason for the spatial variability of the wave height of the Three Gorges Reservoir.