塑型性支气管炎(plastic bronchitis,PB)是局部或广泛性的内生性橡胶状异物阻塞支气管,引起呼吸困难甚或呼吸衰竭的一种疾病[1]。该病发病急,诊治难度较大。PB可发生于各种呼吸道疾病和先天性心脏病术后,尤其Fontan术[2]。2010年7月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心收治1例重症甲型流感合并PB患儿,2个月后因感染重症乙型流感,再次发生PB,门诊随访至今约3年。现报告如下。 Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a local or widespread endogenous rubbery foreign body obstruction of the bronchus, causing breathing difficulties or respiratory failure of a disease [1]. The incidence of acute disease, diagnosis and treatment more difficult. PB can occur after a variety of respiratory diseases and congenital heart disease, especially Fontan surgery [2]. July 2010 Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center admitted to a case of severe influenza A patients with PB, 2 months after the infection due to severe influenza B, PB again, outpatient follow-up has been about 3 years. The report is as follows.