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2013-07-10,岷江上游暴发大型群发性泥石流灾害,泥石流以淘刷、冲击、淤塞、压顶、磨蚀等方式对地震灾区公路直接造成严重破坏,其引发的溃决洪水、河床上升增大受灾范围,加重了灾害损失。分析了泥石流对道路工程的成灾方式:对桥梁工程破坏包括淤塞、淘蚀基础、冲毁等;对路面路基工程破坏包括淤埋、淘刷路基、冲毁等;对隧道工程破坏包括堵塞隧道洞口,破坏洞口墙体并引起衬砌支护结构破坏,损毁隧道内附属设施等;对明洞、棚洞工程破坏包括堵塞洞口、冲毁洞口结构,磨蚀洞顶,压顶并引起衬砌支护结构破坏,损毁排水、通风、电力附属设施等。分析了泥石流造成道路严重损失的原因,其中,公路工程选址不当、风险估计不足,桥涵过流净空不足,泥石流防灾措施不完善,泥石流的严重冲刷、冲击作用是主要原因。针对泥石流危害公路的特征和地震区泥石流防治中存在问题,提出了地震山区公路在灾后重建与道路规划中的减灾措施。
2013-07-10 In the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, a large-scale massif debris flow disaster occurred. The debris flow caused serious damage directly to the roads in the earthquake-stricken areas due to scouring, shocks, silting, pressure-toping and abrasion. The flood caused by the collapse of the riverbed increased the disaster area , Aggravating disaster losses. The paper analyzes the ways of debris flow disaster to road engineering: the bridge engineering damage includes siltation, erosion foundation, destruction and so on; Pavement subgrade engineering damage including silting, scouring embankment, Hole, destroy hole wall and cause lining support structure damage, damage to the tunnel ancillary facilities, etc .; for Myeongdong, shed hole engineering damage, including blocking the hole, hole structure, erosion, roof, pressure and cause lining support structure damage , Damage drainage, ventilation, power ancillary facilities. The causes of serious road damage caused by debris flow are analyzed. Among them, improper site selection, inadequate risk assessment, inadequate overcurrent clearance of bridges and culverts, imperfect landslide prevention measures and serious erosion and impact of debris flow are the main reasons. In view of the characteristics of the debris flow hazard road and the debris flow prevention and control in the earthquake area, this paper puts forward the mitigation measures of earthquake mountainous area in post-disaster reconstruction and road planning.